Occur when the moon is between the Sun and the Earth, but the moon is a bit farther away from earth, hence smaller and doesn't cover the Sun completely. The Sun's edges are visible.
Occur when the moon is between the Sun and the Earth, and the moon is closer to Earth. The Moon covers the Sun completely. The Shadow of the moon is casted on the Earth.
Occur when the moon is between the Sun and the Earth, and at a distance that during one portion of the Eclipse it is Annular and in another portion it is Total.
Occur when the earth is between the Sun and the Moon, and the shadow of the Earth is casted on the Moon.